Chapter 2 Study Guide for Unit E

1. Vocabulary Words – all highlighted in the chapter

2. Be able to read a rock chart to identify a rock. E39

3. Be able to read a map with a key that includes symbols of certain rocks.

4. Be able to label the main rock cycle. E61

5. Know how the cooling time of an igneous rock affects the mineral grains (crystals) that form. P.E40

Igneous Rocks from Magma:__

Magma takes longer to cool so the mineral grains are going to be larger because they have a longer time to grow

Igneous Rocks from Lava:

Lava cools quickly because it is above ground, so the mineral grains will be smaller and don’t have time to grow

6. Know an example of a sedimentary, metamorphic and igneous rock.

Examples may vary, but can be found in each respected section of the book.

Sedimentary:____________________

Metamorphic:____________________

Igneous:________________________

7. How is brick making in the past and present different? Be able to tell me 3 things about brick making in the past and 3 things about the present. (ingredients, tools, amount of time, etc…)

(answers may vary, but you need to have at least three things in each category)

PAST PRESENT

1.Sun - dried 1. Dried in a kiln

2. Takes 2 weeks to make and dry 2. Takes 12 hours to make

3. Used hand, feet and simple tools 3. Use machinery to make them

8. Know the difference between the three main types of sedimentary rocks: E43 (what type of sediments is each one made from?)

a. Clastic: Made from pieces of rock, minerals and organic materials cemented together

b. Chemical: Made after mineral-rich water evaporates leaving behind the minerals as the sediments that have layered and made the chemical sedimentary rock

c. Organic: Made from once living plants and animals that decay and turn into sediments

9. What is metamorphism?

The change from one rock to another type of rock.

Dimension stones are: slabs of rock that are cut in a specific size and shape.

Crushed stones are: little pieces of rock that are blasted out of a quarry

10. How are each taken out of the quarries?

Dimension Stones are cut out of quarries using drills, torches or diamond saws.

Crushed Stones are blasted out with dynamite.

11.Know the difference between lava and magma.

Lava is above ground and magma is found below ground.

12. Know how a metamorphic, sedimentary and an igneous rock forms.

Metamorphic: Rocks that are made from an existing rock with a lot of heat and pressure

Sedimentary: Rocks that are formed when layers of sediments build up upon one another and pressure is applied.

Igneous: Rocks that are formed from cooled magma and lava.

13. What is a fossil fuel and give an example of one.

A fossil fuel is made from organic materials, which become fossil fuels from a great amount of pressure. Fossil fuels can be burned for energy and examples are: coal, oil and natural gas